Adding, subtracting and totaling calculator

ABSTRACT

A portable calculator comprising a plurality of memory transmitting units engageable with memory pins, guide plates for guiding memory transmitting units, accumulators, a carry mechanism consisting of carry members mounted on respective counter wheels, transfer members engageable with the corresponding carry members, levers pivotally supporting the transfer members and operating members for raising the rear end of the supporting members, and a credit balancing mechanism, the calculator simultaneously making different sets of calculations including addition, subtraction, subtotaling and totaling and locking the credit balancing mechanism when the balancing operation is not conducted.

[4 June 20, 1972 United States Patent Oba et al.

S T. m MA GP mm. T m U m l D 0 mr W C mC 8m we N G] NL mm DO AT M H235/60 TN ...235/60 TN 2,905,382 9/1959 Carnacina TN 2,371,914 3/1945Rauh......... of 2,754,052 7/1956 Capeuaro...

[73] Assignee: Tokyo Electric Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan [22] Filed: Feb.4, 1970 Primary Examiner-Richard B. Wilkinson Assistant Examiner-StanleyA. Wal Attorney-Flynn 84 Frishauf 21 Appl. No.: 8,675

[ ABS] RACT A portable calculator comprising a plurality of memorytransble with memory pins, guide plates for nsrnitting units,accumulators, a carry mechanism consisting of carry members mounted onrespective counter wheels, transfer members engageable with the leverspivotally supporting the g members for raisin end of the supportingmembers, and a credit n a m 3 g m n .me "m mm n W 8 .mm a RM n u 0 m8 0[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Feb. 6, 1969 Japan Feb. 6, 1969Japan................... Feb. 10, 1969 Japan.... Sept. 4, 1969 Japan...Feb. 6, 1969 Japan... Feb. 10, 1969 g the rear transfer members andoperatin balancing 235/60 235/1 F mechanism, the calculatorsimultaneously making different sets of calculations including addition,subtraction, subtotaling and totaling and locking the credit balancingmechanism when the balancing operation is not conducted.

[52] US. [51] Int. [58] Field of Search..................

4 Claim, 19 Drawing Figures PATEHTEUJUHZO r272 SHEET 01 0F PEXTEHTEUJua2 0 {GT SHEET 02 [IF I NVE NTOR.

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sum 10 or 12 E T550 I 1530 ADDING, SUBTRACTING AND TOTALING CALCULATORThis invention relates to a manually operated adding, subtracting andtotaling calculator, and more particularly to a portable calculator ofsimple and compact construction having the capability of districtlyperforming a plurality of calculations.

An object of this invention is to provide an adding, subtracting andtotaling calculator of simple construction and having a number ofaccumulators for enabling the simultaneous calculations to be carriedout. Prior art units are generally of complicated construction andinclude a large number of components, and have only a single accumulatorso that simultaneous operations cannot be carried out.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a portableadding, subtracting and totaling calculator comprises a frame, a keyboard mounted onthe forward upper portion of the frame and provided withdigit keys and function keys, a digit memory device having memory pinsarranged in longitudinal rows, memory pins being engageable with thedigit keys, a calculation mechanism operated in response to selectivedepression of the function keys, at least one first accumulatorincluding adding and subtracting wheel trains, each wheel train havingcounter wheels and carry members fixed to one side of the correspondingcounter wheels, each of the carry members being provided with a firstpawl on the periphery thereof, a digit display device mounted on therear upper portion of the frame, a plurality of memory transmittingunits, each including a rearwardly biased first member engageable withthe memory pins of the corresponding order and having at its rear end arack in engagement with the digit display device, and a second memberhaving on its upper surface a rack engageable with either of the wheeltrains of the accumulator, the second member having a stop pinprojecting laterally therefrom towards the first member of the nexthigher order, biasing means urging the second member of the memorytransmitting units in the forward direction, guide plates for limitingthe lengthwise movement of respective transmitting units, first transfermembers normally engaging with the plates and pushed down and forward bythe pawls of the counter wheels to move the second members of the nexthigher order under the urging force of the biasing means, levers, eachrotatable about their forward end and pivotally'supporting substantiallyat the center the middle at portion of respective transfer members, thelevers having at the rear upper surface thereof a stepped portion forlimiting, upon receipt of the stop pin of the second member of the nextlower order, the forward movement of the second member of thecorresponding order to a distance equivalent to the shift of one digitof the accumulator when the transfer member of the next lower order isdepressed by the pawls, an operation member for raising the rear end ofthe levers to return the second members, transfer members and levers tothe initial positions, and a credit balancing device operated by thepawl of the highest order.

The credit device is preferably provided with means for transmittingsignals representing the positive and negative values with the digitsunchanged.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a right side view of acalculator embodying the present invention, wherein the memorytransmitting units are shown in detail;

FIG. 2A is a detailed left side view of said memory transmitting units;

FIG. 2B is an enlarged perspective view of the demounted one of saidmemory transmitting units;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a digit memory device demounted from thecalculator of this invention;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a returning device and a maintainingdevice included in the calculator;

FIG. 5 is a front view, partly broken away, of a pin carriage with theassociated means;

FIG. 6 is a front view of said carriage of FIG. 5 wherein another pushbutton is operated;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a demounted totaling device included inthe calculator;

FIG. 8 is a right side view of means for driving the memory transmittingunits;

FIG. 9 is a right side view of a counter engaging device;

FIG. 10 is a right side view of a counter selecting device;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a part of said counter selectingdevice;

FIG. 12 is a right side view of a credit balancing device;

FIG. 13 is a diagrammatical front view of a pin carriage and a stopmember modified from that of FIGS. 5 and 6;

FIG. 14 is a diagrammatical front view of a pin carriage and a stopmember further modified from that of FIGS. 5 and 6;

FIG. 15 is a front view of a memory device modified from that of FIGS. 5and 6;

FIG. 16 is a left side view of memory transmitting units modified fromthat of FIGS. 2A and 23;

FIG. 17 is a front view of a clutch device; and

FIG. 18 is a side view of said clutch device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A digit memory device 1comprises a transversely displaceable pin carriage 3 with a plurality ofmemory pins 4, eight longitudinally movable memory transmitting units 5,a digit display device 6 and an accumulator 7.

The pin carriage 3 is slideably supported at the forward and rear edgeportions 3a and 3b (FIG. 3) by two rails 8 each having a roundcross-section. Rails 8 are arranged parallel to one another and extendtransversely so as to bridge both side walls of a calculator body orframe (not shown).

Memory pins 4 pass through said pin carriage 3 and are arranged forlimited movement perpendicular to its plane. The pins 4 may beselectively shifted in the direction of their length between a lower setposition in which the lower end portion of each pin downwardly projectsfrom said pin carriage 3, and an upper retracting position in which theupper end portion of the pin upwardly projects from said pin carriage.The pins 4 are retained in position by the action of a spring member 9(FIGS. 5 and 6) engaging each of said pins 4. Furthermore, all thememory pins 4 are grouped into seven parallel units or groups whichrepresent numbers of I00, 10b, 10c 10f and 103, in such a manner thatevery 10 of said memory pins represent numbers of 4a, 4b, 4c, 4i and 4],constitutes a longitudinally arranged unit comprising the corresponding10 digits of any place.

Only one pin of each of said units, for example, a digit-nine pin 4j isat any time utilized as a member for limiting the displacement of saidcarriage to an extent corresponding to one decimal place. For suchdisplacement of said carriage, there is provided a bias spring member 11 (FIG. 3) which causes said carriage 3 to be urged to the left-handside of the calculator body. The later described stop member 12 (FIGS. 5and 6) is attached to the bottom of a platform 13 which is positionedabove the path of said carriage 3. Said stop member 12 cooperates withthe digit-nine pin 4] of each of the units so as to stop thedisplacement of said carriage 3 each time to an extent corresponding toone decimal place against the bias of the spring member 11 for urgingsaid carriage 3 to the left-hand side of said calculator body.

Referring to FIG. 3, in order to return said carriage 3 to the initialposition from which its displacement commences against the bias of saidspring member 11, there are provided a manual operating member 15attached to said carriage 3, and an automatically operating device 16.

The automatically operating device 16 of FIG. 3 comprises a traction arm16a having its one end pivotally mounted on said carriage 3 by means ofa pin 16b, a bell-crank 16c pivotally mounted on the frame (not shown)by means of a pin 16d, said bell-crank 16c having two arms l6e and 16f,and a guide post 16g attached to the bell-crank arm 16f. The free end ofbell-crank arm l6e is pivotally connected with said traction arm 16a bymeans of a pin 16h, and said bell-crank arm 16f is biased by theabove-mentioned spring member 11, which is stretched between the frame(not shown) and the free end of said crank arm 16f.

As shown in FIG. 4, the operating device 16 further comprises a returnrod l6i having a stepped contacting portion l6j for engaging the guidemember 16g to return the carriage 3, a lever 16k pivotally mounted onthe left side wall of the calculator body by means of a pin 161 andhaving two arms 16m and 1611, one of which is connected with the rearend of said return rod 161' by a pivot pin 160 and the other of which isprovided with a roller 16p which engages a cam, and a coiled springmember 16q for urging the return rod 161' in a direction wherein saidrod 161' is urged downwardly and rearwardly in such a manner to causethe roller 16p to engage the operating surface of a cam member (notshown) and cause said contacting portion l6j to travel in a planeslightly lower than the upper end of said guide post 16g.

Below the area defined by the displacement of said carriage 3, there isprovided a member 17 (FIGS. and 6) for clearing the set memory of thepins 4' when the carriage is returned. Said clearing member 17 has aninclined surface 17a facing the left side (in FIGS. 5 and 6) extendingtoward the right side of the calculator body.

Accordingly, when the contacting portion l6j (FIG. 4) moves forward dueto the cam-operation with the guide post 16g, the pin carriage 3 isreturned to the starting position. Simultaneously, the set memory pinsare pushed upwardly by contact with said inclined surface 17a of theclearing member 17.

The carriage 3, though urged by the spring member 11 toward the leftside, stays at the starting position with the memory pin 4j of theextreme left-hand side group still engaged with the stop member 12.

Above said area defined by the displacement of the pin carriage 3 isdisposed a box-shaped frame 18 (FIGS. 1, 5 and 6), the chamber 18a ofwhich contains ten pin-setting members 19a, 19b 19j corresponding to thedigit pins of any place. The pin-setting members 19a have their upperend portions projecting upwardly out of the upper plate of said frame 18and attached to push bottoms 19', on the upper surfaces of which areindicated the corresponding digits. The pin-setting members have theirlower end portions downwardly projecting out of the lower plate of saidframe 18 aligned in a longitudinal row. The setting members l9j areshorter than the other setting members 4a, 4b,. .41".

The chamber 18a contains a carriage-shifting member 20 (FIGS. 5 and 6)which has a longitudinally extending pin 20a both ends of which aresecured to the forward and rear walls of said frame 18, a longitudinallyextending rod 20b, and a member 21 for limiting the shift of thecarriage 3 extending downwardly from the bottom portion of said frame 18to a level slightly below the point to which descent the lower ends ofthe pin-setting members 19a, 19b 19i, even if the pinsetting members aredepressed.

The pin-setting members 19a, 19j (FIG. 3) are provided with respectivearms 22a, 22b 22 which extend above the rod 20b, so that the rod 20b isdepressed, moving about the pivot pin 20a when any button 19' isactuated by the operator's finger, whereby the limiting member 21 causesthe corresponding digit-nine pin 4j on any decimal place to be drivendownwards.

Within the fram 18 is arranged a device 23 (FIG. 3) for locking thevertical movement of all of the pin-setting members except for themember 19a. Said locking device comprises a locking plate 23a with nineforwardly projecting engaging members 24b, 24c, 24d, 24j. A guide groove23b formed in said locking plate 23a extends angularly in a horizontalplane with respect to the longitudinal direction of the calculator body,and an operating member 230 has an upper protrusion 23d integrallyformed therewith and is slideably inserted into said guide groove 23b.

Said operating member 23c is urged by means of a bias spring member (notshown) to the right hand side of the frame and is pivoted to the freeend of a doubly cranked connecting member 25, which is rotatably mountedon the pin 20a. An elongated locking pin 25a is attached at its middleportion to the connecting member 25 and on the pin 20a there isrotatably mounted a locking arm 25b, which is supported by said lockingpin 25a.

Engaging holes 26 are formed at the neck portions of the pin-settingmembers 19b, 19c, 19 so as to receive the corresponding engagingmembers.

The pin-setting member 19a is locked by another suitable locking means(not shown) which may be driven by the movement of said operating member230.

Accordingly, when the operating member 230 is moved toward theright-hand side of the frame with the top protrusion 23d sliding throughthe guide groove 23b, the locking plate 23a is shifted forwardly so asto insert the engaging members into the corresponding engaging holes 26,with the result that the pin-setting members are brought to a locked andinoperable condition. y

Referring to FIG. 2A, each of the memory transmitting units 5 comprisesa longitudinally movable firstmember 5a and a second member 5blongitudinally movable relative to said first member 5a. To permit therelative movement of said first and second members, the first member 5ahas guide pins and the second member 5b has guide slits 14b slideablyguided by said guide pins. Said first member 5a is adapted to transmit amemory digit represented by the amount of its own displacement to amember 34 of the above-mentioned digit displaying device 6, said memberbeing described thereafter. Further, said first member 5a has rack-teeth28 formed on the rear and upper portions thereof, guide slits 29 formedtherein in a longitudinal direction, a stop member 30 downwardlyprojecting from the forward portion thereof, and an engaging portion 30aupwardly projecting from the forward portion to engage the memory pin tobe set.

Said first member 5a is urged rearwardly of the frame by the bias of aspring member 31 attached at to the lower end of said stop member 30,and is slideably guided by said guide slits 29 along guide plates 32,which pass through said guide slits and extend between the side walls ofthe calculator frame.

The rack-teeth 28 are intermeshed with the teeth of a gear wheel 33corresponding to each of said memory transmitting units 5, said gearwheel 33 being a part of the digit display device 6.

A rotary disc 34 (FIGS. 1 and 2A) is attached to the gear wheel 33 incorresponding relationship to each of said memory transmitting units 5,and has digit characters formed on the on the peripheral portionthereof, and a common shaft on which all the discs 34 and gear wheels 33of the display device 6 are supported so as to be individually rotated.

Said second member 5b is urged forwardly by the bias of a spring member35 connecting the forward ends of the first and second members 5a and5b.

Furthennore, said second member 5b has a toothed rack 36 (FIG. 2A)formed on the upper portion thereof, said rack 36 being intermeshed witha corresponding toothed counter wheel of either of an adding wheel train37 and a subtracting wheel train 38, which are alternatively selectedand form a part of the accumulator 7. Both wheel trains 37 and 38 arerotatably mounted on two parallel shafts. Said parallel shafts areattached at both ends thereof to a pair of sectorial supporting plates70 connected to a horizontal shaft 7b rotatable around its own axis andvertically movable with its both ends guided through opposite slits 70formed in members (not shown) attached to the side walls of the frame.One of the sectorial supporting plates 70 has an operating pin 7d. Allthe counter wheels 37a of said adding wheel trains 37 are intermeshedwith the corresponding counter wheels 38a of said subtracting wheeltrains 38. The counter wheels of each of said wheel trains 37 and 38respectively have a carry member 39 having a pawl 39a formed on the sidethereof.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2B, in the intervals between the adjacent memorytransmitting units 5 are located transfer members '40 each cooperatingwith the corresponding carry member 39. Each of said transfer members 40is pivoted to an intermediate portion of a rocking lever 41corresponding thereto, and is resiliently biased by means of a coiledspring member 42 which urges the upper end portion 40a of said transfermember 40 abuts on one of the guide plates 32. The lever 41 is pivotedat the forward end upon a pin 43 and has a stepped rear end portion 41a,which is urged downwards by means of a spring member 41b towards a stopmember 45 fixedly disposed under said member 41. Said stepped portion41a is engagable with a stop pin 44 mounted on the side of the secondmember 5b adjacent to and one order higher than that order to which saidstepped portion 41a belongs. Accordingly, when the top end portion 400is pushed by the pawl 39a so that the transfer 40 is swung in theclockwise direction as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, thereby causing theupper end portion 40a to be released from the engagement with the guideplate 32, the stop pin 44 of the second member 5b associated .with thenext higher order is moved by the spring member 35 beyond the rear endof the swingable member 41 associated with the original place andengaged with the stepped portion 41a thereof so that the rack 36 isadvanced by one pitch, and thus effect a carry into the next higherorder of the wheel train 37 or 38.

Under the rear portions of the lever 41 of all the memory transmittingunits, there is provided a transversely extending operation member 46(FIGS. 1 and 2B), which is operated by cam action so as temporarily toraise the rear end of the lever 41 once for each machine cycle. Due tosaid lifting operation, the lever 41 is pivoted in the clockwisedirection so that the transfer member 40, disengaged from the guideplate, is turned by the bias of the spring member 42 in theanticlockwise direction so as to be again engaged with said guide plate.

A device for maintaining the memory pins at set positions duringoperation, though the machine cycles are repeated, allows the samenumbers represented by said memory pins to be repeatedly added orsubtracted. Referring to FIG. 4, the maintaining device comprises anelongated lever 47 which is pivotally mounted on the side wall of thecalculator body by means of a transverse pin 48 at the middle portionthereof, and urged in a counter-clockwise direction as viewed from theleft by the bias of a spring member 49. The lever 47 has a forward endportion 47a provided with a push-bottom 47b, and a rear end portion 470provided with a guide hold 47d and an engaging protrusion 47e formed atthe side thereof. Through said guide hole 47d is slideably inserted theforward end of said return rod l6i.

As shown in FIG. 4, the maintaining device further comprises a latchmember 50 pivoted to the side wall of the calculator body by means of apin 50a, and urged in a counterclockwise direction by theabove-mentioned spring member 49. Said latch member 50 includes anengaging member 50b and an operating member 500, and is movable betweenan actuated an an unactuated position. Said engaging member 50b isstepped at the upper portion thereof and in the upper position of themember 50 latches the engaging protrusion 47e when the lever 47 isrotated against the bias of said spring member 49 by pushing the buttom47b. When the lever 47 is thus held in its actuated position, thecontacting portion l6j is positioned above the path of the guide post16g so as to be disengaged therefrom. Said operating member 500 islocated at the starting position of the guide post 163, and then causesthe protrusion 47e to be disengaged from said member 50b and brought toits inoperative position, when the member 500 is pushed by the returningmotion of said guide post, so as to swing the latch member 50 in aclockwise direction. When the lever 47 is held in its unactuatedposition, the contacting portion 16j is positioned within the area ofthe guide post 16g which it may engage.

Referring to FIG. 7 a calculating machanism 2 includes two settingmembers 51 and 52, and two push buttoms $3 and 54 (FIG. 7). Said settingmembers 51 and 52 are arranged parallel at the right side portion of thecalculator body in such a manner as to be longitudinally movable, andurged forwardly by the bias of spring members 55 respectively.

Said setting members 51 and 52 each include three L- shaped grooves 56,57 and 58 fonned in the upper sides thereof, and two engaging portions59 and 60 projecting downwards at the rear ends thereof. Said innersetting member 52 further has a saw tooth-shaped locking portion 52aformed on the bottom portion thereof.

The outer setting member 51 further has a locking portion 51a formed atthe bottom portion thereof.

Said setting members 51 and 52 are further provided with reverseU-shaped grooves 51b and 52b formed at the forward portions thereof. Twolever 51c and 520 are pivoted by means of a pin 51 to the frame undersaid grooves 51b and 52b, and have pins 51d and 52d extending laterallyfrom the top portions thereof so as to be fitted into said grooves 51band 52b.

Said first push buttom 53 is used for subtracting and totaling, and saidsecond push buttom 54 for adding and subtotaling, and said second pushbuttom 54 for adding and subtotaling. Each of the first and secondbuttoms 53 and 54 includes legs 61, a locking pin 62 projecting from theside wall of one of said legs, a pushing arm 63 projecting from theopposite side wall of said leg and positioned above the locking pin 25a,and a spring member (not shown) for urging said legs upwards.

In the unoperated position, the upper open portions of the grooves 57 ofsaid setting members 51 and 52 are engaged with the above-mentionedlocking arm 25b, while the locking pins 62 are positioned above the openportions of said grooves 56 and 58.

When the first push buttom 53 (or second push buttom 54) is pushed down,the pushing arm 63 causes the locking pin 25a to be lowered and then thelocking arm 25b to be downwardly moved. At the moment the locking arm25b passes into said grooves 57, both setting members 51 and 52 aremoved forward by the bias of the spring members 55 until the locking arm62 contacts the rear edge of the groove 56 (or 58). In this condition,the upper edges of the grooves 56 (or 58) and 57 prevent the pin 62 andthe locking arm 25b from being upwardly returned by the bias of thespring.

As shown in FIG. 7, the calculating device 2 further includes areturning lever 65 mounted on the right side wall of the calculatorframe for pivotal movement about a pin 66 positioned at the middleportion of the lever. Said returning lever 65 has a pin 65a projectinglaterally from the upper portion thereof to be engaged with the engagingportion 59 of the setting members 51, 52 and has a cam-operable portion65b formed at the lower end thereof. Said returning lever 65 is forciblypivoted by a cam-action applied to the cam-operable portion 65b so as tocause the setting members 51 and 52 to be urged rearwardly by the pin65a.

Said calculating mechanism 2 also includes two cranked levers 67 and 68(see FIG. 9) which are pivoted at the lower ends to the frame and haveupper portions urged rearwardly by the biases of spring members 69 and70. The levers 67 and 68 have pins 67a and 68a mounted on the upperportions thereof so as to be engaged with the engaging portions 60 ofthe setting members 51, 52 and to follow the motions of said engagingportions 60 when the setting members 51 and 52 are individuallydisplaced in a longitudinal direction. The levers 67 and 68 are providedwith crank arms 67b and 68b having guide pins 67c and 68c attached tothe respective forward ends thereof.

As shown in FIG. 9, two set plates 71 and 72 cooperated with said guidepins 67c and 68c respectively. Said set plates 71 and 72 respectivelyincludes slits 71a and 72a in which said guide pins 670 and 680 arerespectively slideable and have L- shaped engaging portions 71b and 72bformed at the forward end thereof. The rear ends of said set plates 71and 72 are pivoted to set arms 71c and 72c, which are pivotally mountedon the frame. Said set arms 71c and 720 are urged forwardly by thebiases of the spring members 69 and 70 mentioned above, and have rollers71d and 72d contacting cam members so as to cause the set arms to beindividually moved.

In order to shift the shaft 7b upwardly and downwardly, a pair ofmeshing cams 73 and 74 are fixed at the lower portions thereof to bothends of a transversely extending shaft 75,

which is rotatably supported by the frame, and guide slits 73a and 74aare respectively formed at the upper portions of said meshing cams 73and 74 into which the end portions of said shaft are slideably insertedrespectively.

The right hand side meshing cam 73 is urged forwardly by the bias of aspring member 76 so as to be swung around the axis of said shaft 75, andan engaging pin 77 which is normally engaged with the L-shaped engagingportions 71b and 72b in a manner to be forcedly pulled rearwards againstthe bias of said spring member 76. When both the L-shaped engagingportions 71b and 72b is disengaged from said engaging pin 77 due to therearward movement of the setting members 51 and 52 the meshing cams 73and 74 are moved forward by the spring 76 so that the shaft 7b isshifted upwardly with its ends slideably guided through the slits 73aand 74a, whereby that one of the adding and subtracting wheel trains 37and 38 which was previously engaged with the rack 36 is disengagedtherefrom.

In order to select either the operation of addition and subtraction, orthat of subtotaling and totaling a selecting mechanism is disposed atthe bottom portion of the boxshaped frame 18. Said selecting mechanismis shown in detail in FIG. 7 and comprises a transversely displaceablemember 78 urged by the bias of a spring member 780 to the left as viewedfrom the front of the calculator, and two pivoted levers 79 and 80. Saidmember 78 has a stop pin 78b projecting downwardly therefrom and adaptedto shift the member 78 against the spring 78a when it is engaged withthe right hand edge of the pin carriage 3, and a stop portion 78cprojecting from the rear portion thereof and adapted to engage thelocking portion 51a of the setting member 51 and so to prevent thatmember from being moved forwards when the member 78 is brought to theextreme left hand end of its travel to which the member 78 is alwaysurged by the spring 78a, with the stop pin 78b released from contactwith the carriage Said lever 79 has an engaging pin 79a at the rear endand is adapted to be pivoted about a pin 81 in such a manner that therear portion of said lever 79 is pushed downwards by the leg 61 of thefirst push button 53. Said lever 80 has an engaging portion 80a bentinward from the forward end thereof and engagable with the saw-toothedlocking portion 52a of the setting member 52 when the carriage 3 isreturned to the extreme right-hand or starting position. Said swinglever 80 is also pivoted on the above-mentioned pin 81. The forward endof the lever 79 is urged downwardly by a spring 83 which is anchored toa projection 79b extending laterally from the top edge of the lever 79,crossing the lever 80, and to anchor pin 78d projecting from a downwardextension 78c of the member 78. The lever 80 is urged upwardly to abutagainst the projection 78d by a spring 82 which extends between theprojection 79b and a cranked downward projection 80b of the lever 80.

A subtracting set arm 84 (FlG. 10) is a substantial Y-shaped memberwhich is pivoted by a pin 84a at the junction of its arms. The set arm84 has a signal transmitting pin 84b positioned at the forward endthereof so as to be engagable with the rear portion of the swing lever79. This end of the arm 84 upwardly urged by the bias of a spring member84' and actuating pins 840 and 84d are mounted on the other endportions. For the selective intermeshing of either of the counter wheels37a and 38a, said selecting mechanism further includes a lever 85pivoted at its lower end with its upper end urged forwardly by the biasof a spring member 86; a longitudinally movable rod 87 is connected atits rear end with the upper portion of the lever 85 at the rear end, andhas a slit 87a in which said actuating pin 840 is slideably engaged anda U-shaped engaging portion 87b formed at the forward end thereof; anintermediate lever 88 has an engaging pin 88a which can be disposed inthe groove defined by said U-shaped engaging portion 87b; and anintenneshing control rod 89 is arranged parallel to the rod 87.

At the forward end portion of said interrneshing control rod 89 isformed a notch 89a engaged with a pin 88b extending from the upper endof the intermediate lever 88. Said control rod 89 is further providedwith a U-shaped engaging portion 89b engaged with the operating pin 7don the supporting plate 70.

Accordingly, when the first push buttom 53 is operated downward, theengaging end 79a of the lever 79 pushes down the pin 84b so that theactuating pin 84c is swung upwards with it and slides through the slit87a so as to shift the U- shaped engaging portion 87b upwardly intoengagement with the member 88a. See FIG. 10.

When the lever is swung against the spring bias by the action of a cam,the rod 87 is moved rearwardly and then, through the action of theintermediate lever 88, causes the control rod 89 to be moved in the samedirection. As a result, the guiding of the operating pin 7d due to suchmotion causes the sectorial supporting plates 70 to be swung about theshaft 7b. Thus, the adding counter wheel train 37 and the subtractingcounter wheel train 38 are respectively brought to a position to beengaged with the rack 36 of each of the second member 5b according tothe forward and rearward movements of the control rod 89.

As shown in FIG. 7, along the right hand side wall of the calculatorbody, a switching member 90 is mounted so as to be longitudinallydisplaceable and is urged rearwardly by the bias of the above-mentionedspring member 86. Said switching member 90 has a pushing piece 90aadapted to push the button of a limit switch 91 attached to the rightside wall when the switching member 90 is moved forwardly, and areturning portion 90b bent from the forward portion of said switchingmember 90 toward the interior of the calculator body. Said returningportion 90b is pushed forwardly by the swinging motion of either or bothof the above-mentioned arms 51c and 520 when the setting members 51 and52 are returned forwardly.

Said calculator further includes a credit balancing device which isconstructed of many members described below with reference to FIG. 12.

Said credit balancing device 100 comprises a transfer member 101associated with the pawl 39a of the counter wheel 37 or 38 of thehighest order, a transfer latch member 102 pivotable about the pin 43with its rear portion urged downwardly by the bias of a spring member103. The lower end portions of both members 101 and 102 are connected bya spring member 104 so that the upper portion of the transfer member 101may be engagable with the guide plate 32 of the lowest order.Furthermore, said latch member 102 has a stepped portion 102b which isengagable with the stop pin 44 of the second member 5b associated withthe lowest order and operable like the stepped portion 41a. On the rearend portion of said latch member 102 is mounted a pin 102a which engagesin a hole 105a of the forwardly extending portion of a lock arm 105which is pivoted by a stationary pin 150 to the frame. Said lock am 105has an engaging portion 105b projecting laterally therefrom.

To a cam shaft 106 is attached a disc cam 107 having an actuating pin1070. The pin 107a is engagable with one end of a rocking lever 108.Said rocking lever 108 is rotatably supported at its middle portion by astationary pin 109 and has a slot 108a formed at its other end portion.

Said credit balancing device 100 further includes a first sliding member110 having two vertically elongate grooves 1100, a lug 110b formed atthe side of its lower end portion and a guide pin 110a which isslideably inserted through the slot 108a; a second sliding member 111having two vertically elongated grooves lla, a lug lllb formed at theside of the upper end thereof; and a spring member 112 connecting thelugs 110k and 111b.

Said sliding member 110 is further urged upwardly by the bias of anotherspring member 113 and the guide pin 1100 is slideably inserted throughthe lower elongate groove 1 11a.

In the grooves 110a and 11a are engaged stationary pins 114 for guidingsaid guide members 110 and 111 in the vertical direction. Said guidemember 11 1 further has an engaging portion 1 110 formed at therearwardly extending side portion thereof and capable of facing saidengaging portion 105b in a vertical direction.

An operating member 115 has two laterally extending shoulders 115a and115b and has its lower end pivoted to the engaging portion 1 110 bymeans of a pin 115v. Said operating member 115 further includes a toppin 115d which is slideably inserted through vertical slots 890 formedin the control rod 89.

A T-shaped changing arm 116 has two shoulders 116a and 116b and anengaging pin 116e, and is pivoted about a sta tionary pin 117. Thechanging arm 116 is superposed on the operating arm 115 in such a mannerthat one of the shoulders 1 15a and 115k pushes down the correspondingshoulder 116a or 116b selectively according to the direction in whichthe operating member 1 15 is tilted.

To the pin 116 on the changing arm 116 is pivoted the rearward end of aconnecting rod 118. The other end of said connecting rod 118 is pivotedto a crank arm 119 pivotally supported by a pin 120 and having arearwardly extending operating arm 119a. Said operating arm 119a has aguide pin 11% mounted on the rear end portion thereof. Said guide pin119b is slideably supported in an elongate slit 121a formed at the rearportion of a link arm 121, the forward end of which is connected withthe lower end of the lever 51c, and at the rear end of which is formed avertical projecting portion 121b associated with the actuating pin 84d.The engaging pin 1160 is alternatively engagable with either of twogrooves 122a and 122b formed at the forward upper portion of a rockermember 122, which is pivoted about a stationary pin 123 and urged in aclockwise direction by the bias of a spring member 124. The forwardportion of said rock member 122 is disposed between the pin l16c and theengaging portion 1110 of the second guide member 111.

When addition or subtraction is carried over zero, the pawl 39aassociated with the counter wheel of the highest order urges thetransfer member 101 for disengagement from the guide plate 32 of thelowest order. The transfer latch member 102 falls and the lock arm 105is rotated in an anti-clockwise direction so that the engaging portion105b may be removed from the vertical path of the engaging portion lllc.

In this case, the rocking lever 108 is actuated anti-clockwise by therotation of the cam 107 to move the guide members 110, 111 and theoperating member 115 downward. When the control rod 89 is moved to theleft to be set in the subtracting or totaling position, the operatingmember 115 slants to the right in FIG. 12. The shoulder 116a ofthechanging arm 116 is now pushed by the shoulder 115a of the operatingmember 115 and the changing arm 116 rotates clockwise about the pin 117,whereby the lower end of the arm 116 is engaged with the groove 122a.Accordingly, the connecting rod 118 is moved to the left to cause a signindicating mechanism to present the positive sign on the digitindicating device 6 (the mechanism is not shown) through the crank arm 119. When the control rod 89 is driven to the left and set in the addingor subtotaling position, the operating member 115 swings to the left.The shoulder 1l5b of the operating member 115 urges downward theshoulder l16b of the changing arm 116. The arm 1 16 turns anti-clockwiseabout the pin 117 so that the lower end of the arm is engaged with thegroove 123a. Thus, the connecting rod 118 is displaced to the right tocause the sign indicating mechanism to show the negative sign on thedigit indicating device 6.

Where there is carried out subtraction in which a minuend is larger thana subtrahend, the transfer member 101 is urged to be disengaged from theguide plate 32 of the first order. The latch member 102 is moveddownward by the urging force of the spring 103 so that the stop pin 44of the second member 5b associated with the lowest order rides on thestepped position 41a of the latch member 102. Then the memorytransmitting unit 5 of the lowest order advances for a distanceequivalent to one pitch of the counter wheel thereby adding one digit tothe subtracting wheel 39 of the lowest order. Accordingly, whensubtraction is carried over zero, the calculated result is shown in anegative value. The similar explanation holds true with the case whenthe addition of a positive value to a negative one results in a positivevalue. Subtraction and addition carried over zero to indicate negativeand positive real values respectively are herein referred to as creditbalancing.

When the credit balancing operation does not occur, the transfer member101 retains its position under the engaging portion 1110 to prevent thesecond sliding member 111 from moving downward, with the result thatonly the guide member can be moved downward. Accordingly, the positionof the engaging pin 1 16 remains unchanged.

The calculator further includes various other mechanisms describedbelow. One of them is a rack reset device shown in FIG. 8 and comprisinga pair of rack reset links having a common shaft 131 secured to theforward ends thereof, and rack reset arms 132 pivoted to the rear endsof said links 130 respectively. Said arms 132 re pivotally mounted inthe frame by means of pins 133 and arranged to be actuated by a pin 132ain contact with a cam 134, and the stop member 30 is urged against theshaft 131 by the bias of the spring member 31. When either of the twopush buttons 53 and 54 is depressed after the pins 4 are set to indicatea required numeral, the cam 134 starts its rotation and the rack resetlink 130 is moved .to the extreme rear end of stroke. The memorytransmitting units 5 except for those set at zero also retract by urgingforce of the spring member 31 with their stop members 30 in contact withthe common shaft 131, until the en aging portions 30a of the memorytransmitting units 5 abut against the lower end of those pins 4 of thecorresponding orders of the required numeral which are depressed toindicate the digits of said orders. Thus, the memory transmitting units5 are retracted for distances equivalent to the digits set by the pins 4of the correspondingorders. During the rearward movement of the rackreset link 130, both the wheel trains 37 and 38 are disengaged from theracks 36, while, at the end of the retraction of the link 130, eitherthe wheel train 37 or 38 is intermeshed with the racks 36. By furtherrotation of the cam 134, the link 130 advances to return the memorytransmitting units 5 to their original position. The counter wheels 37aor 38a of the wheel train 37 or 38 are rotated to an extent equivalentto the digits set by the pins 4 of the corresponding orders, with theresult that addition or subtraction is carried out in the accumulator 7.After the return of the memory transmitting units 5 to their originalposition, the wheel train 37 or 38 is dis engaged from the rack 36.

As shown in FIG. 3, there is provided, as the left hand side of thecarriage 3, a stopper 135 for making inoperable those transmitting unitscorresponding to orders in which the memory pins are not set.

Said stopper 135 is constructed of a plate having a straight forwardedge 135a and a starting portion 135b projecting downwardly from theextreme left side of said edge 135a. Said plate 135 ispivotallysupported on the carriage 3 by a transverse rod 136 and the forward edge135a is urged downwardly by the bias of a spring member 137 whichconnects the carriage 3 and plate 135. On the frame is disposed asupporting pin 138 for slideably receiving the starting portion 135k andedge 135a.

Accordingly, when the carriage 3 is shifted from the starting positiontoward the left to an extent corresponding to one decimal place, thestarting portion 135b is displaced over the supporting pin 138 and nextthe edge 1350 is supported by said pin 138 so that the edge 135a may belowered into a locking position to lock the stop members 30 of the firstmembers a corresponding to the order higher than that of the numeral setby the pins 4.

In FIGS. 1 and 2A, the numeral 140 represents a movable platen rollerfor bringing the rolled paper to the printing position.

A stop member 12 illustrated in H0. 13 is a modification of the stopmember 12 shown in FIG. 5 and is formed into a wide flat plate so as toprevent the set memory pins 4 which are lowered from being movedupwards.

A stop member 12" illustrated in FIG. 14 is another modification of thestop member 12. The left side edge of said stop member 12" has aninclined surface 12"a, whereby the carriage 3 can be returned to thestarting position, even if the depressed set memory pins at the left ofthe member 12" are unfavorably moved upwards.

FIG. 15 shows a modification of a limiting member 21 which has a widthequal to approximately half the pitch of the memory pins 4j arranged ina row. When the push button 19' is depressed, the pin carriage 3 ismoved to the left until the side portion of the memory pin 4j of thenext lower order contacts the limiting member 21. The side portionremains contacted with the limiting member while the push button 19 isdepressed. When the limiting member 21 is raised by releasing the pushbutton 19, the carriage 3 is driven by a distance equal to theunfinished motion of one-order displacement.

Where two accumulators 7 and 7 are required, an additional transfermember 40' may preferably be coupled with the transfer member 40 asshown in FIG. 16.

In order to cause the power take-off shaft of an electric motor to bedisengageably coupled with the cam shaft 106, there is provided a clutchdevice shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 and comprising a clutch disc 150 fixedto said cam shaft 106, said clutch disc having a cut-away portion 150aformed on its periphery, a driving gear 151 rotatably fitted to said camshaft 106 and supplied with power from the motor, and a clutch hub 152attached to the side of said gear 151 facing said clutch disc 150 andhaving teeth 152a formed on the periphery. Said clutch device furthercomprises a rocking pawl 153 pivoted on the side of said disc 150 insuch a manner that the claw 153a of the claw 153 is urged by the bias ofthe spring member 154 into engagement with the teeth 152a, while theother operating end portion 153b of the claw 153 overlaps at thecut-away portion 150a. There is provided a clutch arm 155 having anoperating end 155a which slides along the periphery of the disc 150during the rotation of said disc, and removes the operating end portion153b from the cut-away portion when it encounters the cut-away portionduring the rotation of the disc, so that the claw 153a is disengagedfrom the teeth 152a. At the start, the clutch arm 155 is driven in sucha manner that the operating end 155a is removed from the cut-awayportion, with the result that the claw 153a is again engaged with theteeth 152a so as to transmit the power from the fear 151 to the clutchdisc 150, i.e., the cam shaft 106.

We claim:

1. A portable adding, subtracting and totaling calculator comprising:

a frame;

a key board mounted on the forward upper portion of the frame andprovided with digit keys and function keys;

a digit memory device having memory pins arranged in longitudinal rows,said memory pins being engagable with the digit keys;

a calculation mechanism operated in response to selective depression ofthe function keys;

at least one first accumulator including adding and subtracting wheeltrains, each wheel train having counter wheels and carry members fixedto one side of the corresponding counter wheels, each of said carrymembers being provided with a first pawl on the periphery thereof;

a digit display device mounted on the rear upper portion of the frame;

a plurality of memory transmitting units, each including a rearwardlybiased first member engagable with the memory pins of the correspondingorder and having at its rear end a rack in engagement with the digitdisplay device, and a second member having on its upper surface a rackengagable with either of the wheel trains of the accumulator, saidsecond member having a stop pin projecting laterally therefrom towardsthe first member of the next higher order;

biasing means urging said second member of the memory transmitting unitsin the forward direction;

guide plates for limiting the lengthwise movement of respectivetransmitting units; first transfer members normally engaging with theguide plates and pushed down and forward by the pawls of the counterwheels to move the second members of the next higher order under theurging force of the biasing means;

levers, each rotatable about their forward end and pivotally supportingsubstantially at the center the middle portion of respective transfermembers, said levers having at the rear upper surface thereof a steppedportion for limiting, upon receipt of the stop pin of the second memberof the next lower order, the forward movement of the second member ofthe corresponding order to a distance equivalent to the shift of onedigit of the accumulator when the transfer member of the next lowerorder is depressed by said pawls;

an operation member for raising the rear end of the levers to return thesecond members, transfer members and levers to the initial positions;and

a credit balancing device operated by the pawl of the highest order.

2. The calculator according to claim 1 comprising at least one secondaccumulator of the same construction as the first accumulator includingadding and subtracting wheel trains each including counter wheels andcarry members fixed to one side of the corresponding counter wheels andhaving second pawls, and second transfer members each pivoted at theforward end thereof to the middle portion of the first member of thecorresponding order and pushed down and forward by the correspondingfirst pawl, thereby causing the corresponding first transfer member tooperate downward and forward to move the second member of the nexthigher order a distance equivalent to the shift of one digit of thesecond accumulator.

3. The calculator according to claim 1 wherein the counter wheels of awheel train being interrneshed with the counter wheels of another wheeltrain. 7 I

4. The calculator according to claim 1 wherein said credit balancingdevice comprises:

a lengthwise movable intermeshing control rod for rotating theaccumulator to engage with either of said wheel trains; transfer latchmember normally rotatable about its forward end and pivotally supportingthe middle portion of the transfer member of the highest order, saidtransfer latch member having at the rearward upper surface thereof astepped portion for limiting, upon engagement of the stop pin of thelowest order, the forward movement of the second member of the lowestorder to a distance equivalent to the shift of one digit of thecorresponding accumulator under depression of the transfer member of thehighest order;

a first sliding member with a forwardly projecting lower lug movedvertically by a cam;

a second siding member juxtaposed and movable downward with the firstsliding member, and provided with a for wardly projecting upper lug andrearwardly extending first engaging portion;

urging means resiliently coupled between the upper lug of the firstsliding member and the lower lug of the second sliding member;

a lock arm vertically rotatable about a pin fixed to the frame andhaving its forwardly extending portion connected with the rear endportion of the transfer latch member, said lock arm being provided witha second engaging porfrom moving downward when the transfer member ofthe highest order is not operated;

an operating member movable lengthwise with the intermeshing control rodand displaceable vertically with respect thereto, said operating memberhaving a laterally extending shoulder on each side and being pivoted atthe lower end thereof to the first engaging portion of the secondsliding member;

a T-shaped changing arm pivoted at its junction about a stationary pinand having laterally extending shoulders respectively engaging with thecorresponding shoulders of the operating member;

a rocker member pivoted at the middle portion thereof to a stationarypin, said rocker member being urged downwardly at its rear end andhaving formed on its forward upper surface two adjacent grooves foralternately receiving the lower end of the changing arm; and

a connecting rod pivoted at the rear end thereof to the lower end of thechanging arm and connected at the forward end thereof with a crank armfor presenting the positive or negative sign on the digit displaydevice.

II l l II II

1. A portable adding, subtracting and totaling calculator comprising: aframe; a key board mounted on the forward upper portion of the frame andprovided with digit keys and functIon keys; a digit memory device havingmemory pins arranged in longitudinal rows, said memory pins beingengagable with the digit keys; a calculation mechanism operated inresponse to selective depression of the function keys; at least onefirst accumulator including adding and subtracting wheel trains, eachwheel train having counter wheels and carry members fixed to one side ofthe corresponding counter wheels, each of said carry members beingprovided with a first pawl on the periphery thereof; a digit displaydevice mounted on the rear upper portion of the frame; a plurality ofmemory transmitting units, each including a rearwardly biased firstmember engagable with the memory pins of the corresponding order andhaving at its rear end a rack in engagement with the digit displaydevice, and a second member having on its upper surface a rack engagablewith either of the wheel trains of the accumulator, said second memberhaving a stop pin projecting laterally therefrom towards the firstmember of the next higher order; biasing means urging said second memberof the memory transmitting units in the forward direction; guide platesfor limiting the lengthwise movement of respective transmitting units;first transfer members normally engaging with the guide plates andpushed down and forward by the pawls of the counter wheels to move thesecond members of the next higher order under the urging force of thebiasing means; levers, each rotatable about their forward end andpivotally supporting substantially at the center the middle portion ofrespective transfer members, said levers having at the rear uppersurface thereof a stepped portion for limiting, upon receipt of the stoppin of the second member of the next lower order, the forward movementof the second member of the corresponding order to a distance equivalentto the shift of one digit of the accumulator when the transfer member ofthe next lower order is depressed by said pawls; an operation member forraising the rear end of the levers to return the second members,transfer members and levers to the initial positions; and a creditbalancing device operated by the pawl of the highest order.
 2. Thecalculator according to claim 1 comprising at least one secondaccumulator of the same construction as the first accumulator includingadding and subtracting wheel trains each including counter wheels andcarry members fixed to one side of the corresponding counter wheels andhaving second pawls, and second transfer members each pivoted at theforward end thereof to the middle portion of the first member of thecorresponding order and pushed down and forward by the correspondingfirst pawl, thereby causing the corresponding first transfer member tooperate downward and forward to move the second member of the nexthigher order a distance equivalent to the shift of one digit of thesecond accumulator.
 3. The calculator according to claim 1 wherein thecounter wheels of a wheel train being intermeshed with the counterwheels of another wheel train.
 4. The calculator according to claim 1wherein said credit balancing device comprises: a lengthwise movableintermeshing control rod for rotating the accumulator to engage witheither of said wheel trains; a transfer latch member normally rotatableabout its forward end and pivotally supporting the middle portion of thetransfer member of the highest order, said transfer latch member havingat the rearward upper surface thereof a stepped portion for limiting,upon engagement of the stop pin of the lowest order, the forwardmovement of the second member of the lowest order to a distanceequivalent to the shift of one digit of the corresponding accumulatorunder depression of the transfer member of the highest order; a firstsliding member with a forwardly projecting lower lug moved vertically bya cam; a second siding member juxtaposed and movable downward with thefirst sliding member, and provided wIth a forwardly projecting upper lugand rearwardly extending first engaging portion; urging meansresiliently coupled between the upper lug of the first sliding memberand the lower lug of the second sliding member; a lock arm verticallyrotatable about a pin fixed to the frame and having its forwardlyextending portion connected with the rear end portion of the transferlatch member, said lock arm being provided with a second engagingportion projecting laterally from the lower end of the lock arm, saidsecond engaging portion being rotated out of the path of the downwardmovement of the second sliding member upon depression of the transfermember of the highest order but retaining its position under the firstengaging portion to prevent the second sliding member from movingdownward when the transfer member of the highest order is not operated;an operating member movable lengthwise with the intermeshing control rodand displaceable vertically with respect thereto, said operating memberhaving a laterally extending shoulder on each side and being pivoted atthe lower end thereof to the first engaging portion of the secondsliding member; a T-shaped changing arm pivoted at its junction about astationary pin and having laterally extending shoulders respectivelyengaging with the corresponding shoulders of the operating member; arocker member pivoted at the middle portion thereof to a stationary pin,said rocker member being urged downwardly at its rear end and havingformed on its forward upper surface two adjacent grooves for alternatelyreceiving the lower end of the changing arm; and a connecting rodpivoted at the rear end thereof to the lower end of the changing arm andconnected at the forward end thereof with a crank arm for presenting thepositive or negative sign on the digit display device.